Summa Theologica Part 1-2 ("Prima Secundae") by St. Thomas Aquinas

SUMMA THEOLOGICA
PART I-II ("Prima Secundae")

Translated by Fathers of the English Dominican Province

BENZIGER BROTHERS NEW YORK 

DEDICATION
To the Blessed Virgin Mary Immaculate Seat of Wisdom 

NOTE TO THIS ELECTRONIC EDITION
The text of this electronic edition was originally produced by Sandra K. Perry, Perrysburg, Ohio, and made available through the Christian Classics Ethereal Library <http://www.ccel.org>. I have eliminated unnecessary formatting in the text, corrected some errors in transcription, and added the dedication, tables of contents, Prologue, and the numbers of the questions and articles, as they appeared in the printed translation published by Benziger Brothers. Each article is now designated by part, question number, and article number in brackets, like this:

> SECOND ARTICLE [I, Q. 49, Art. 2]

> Whether the Supreme Good, God, Is the Cause of Evil?

In a few places, where obvious errors appeared in the Benziger Brothers edition, I have corrected them by reference to a Latin text of the _Summa._ These corrections are indicated by English text in brackets. For example, in Part I, Question 45, Article 2, the first sentence in the Benziger Brothers edition begins: "Not only is it impossible that anything should be created by God...." By reference to the Latin, "non solum _non_ est impossibile a Deo aliquid creari" (emphasis added), this has been corrected to "Not only is it [not] impossible that anything should be created by God...."

This electronic edition also differs from the Benziger Brothers edition in the following details (as well as the obvious lack of the original page numbers and headers):

* The repetitive expression "We proceed thus to the [next] Article" does not appear directly below the title of each article.

* Italics are represented by underscores at the beginning and end, _like this._ Quotations and other "quotable" matter, however, are ordinarily set off by quotation marks with no underscores in this edition, in accordance with common English usage, even where they were set in italics with no quotation marks in the Benziger Brothers edition. Titles of books are set off by underscores when they appear in the text with no parentheses, but not when the books are cited in parentheses.

* Bible chapters and verses are cited with arabic numerals separated by colons, like this: "Dan. 7:10"--not like this: "Dan. vii. 10." Small roman numerals have been retained where they appear in citations to books other than the Bible.

* Any matter that appeared in a footnote in the Benziger Brothers edition is presented in brackets at the point in the text where the footnote mark appeared.

* Greek words are presented in Roman transliteration.

* Paragraphs are not indented and are separated by blank lines.

* Numbered topics, set forth at the beginning of each question and at certain other places, are ordinarily presented on a separate line for each topic.

* Titles of questions are in all caps.

Anything else in this electronic edition that does not correspond to the content of the Benziger Brothers edition may be regarded as a defect in this edition and attributed to me (David McClamrock).

CONTENTS

FIRST PART OF THE SECOND PART (QQ. 1-114)

Question

1.   Of Man's Last End 2.   Of Those Things in Which Man's Happiness Consists 3.   What Is Happiness 4.   Of Those Things That Are Required for Happiness 5.   Of the Attainment of Happiness 6.   Of the Voluntary and the Involuntary 7.   Of the Circumstances of Human Acts 8.   Of the Will, in Regard to What It Wills 9.   Of That Which Moves the Will 10.  Of the Manner in Which the Will Is Moved 11.  Of Enjoyment, Which Is an Act of the Will 12.  Of Intention 13.  Of Choice, Which Is an Act of the Will with Regard to the Means 14.  Of Counsel, Which Precedes Choice 15.  Of Consent, Which Is an Act of the Will in Regard to the Means 16.  Of Use, Which Is an Act of the Will in Regard to the Means 17.  Of the Acts Commanded by the Will 18.  Of the Good and Evil of Human Acts, in General 19.  Of the Goodness and Malice of the Interior Act of the Will 20.  Of Goodness and Malice in External Human Actions 21.  Of the Consequences of Human Actions by Reason of Their Goodness and Malice 22.  Of the Subject of the Soul's Passions 23.  How the Passions Differ from One Another 24.  Of Good and Evil in the Passions of the Soul 25.  Of the Order of the Passions to One Another 26.  Of the Passions of the Soul in Particular: and First, of Love 27.  Of the Cause of Love 28.  Of the Effects of Love 29.  Of Hatred 30.  Of Concupiscence 31.  Of Delight Considered in Itself 32.  Of the Cause of Pleasure 33.  Of the Effects of Pleasure 34.  Of the Goodness and Malice of Pleasures 35.  Of Pain or Sorrow, in Itself 36.  Of the Causes of Sorrow or Pain 37.  Of the Effects of Pain or Sorrow 38.  Of the Remedies of Sorrow or Pain 39.  Of the Goodness and Malice of Sorrow or Pain 40.  Of the Irascible Passions, and First, of Hope and Despair 41.  Of Fear, in Itself 42.  Of the Object of Fear 43.  Of the Cause of Fear 44.  Of the Effects of Fear 45.  Of Daring 46.  Of Anger, in Itself 47.  Of the Cause That Provokes Anger, and of the Remedies of Anger 48.  Of the Effects of Anger

TREATISE ON HABITS

49.  Of Habits in General, As to Their Substance 50.  Of the Subject of Habits 51.  Of the Cause of Habits, As to Their Formation 52.  Of the Increase of Habits 53.  How Habits Are Corrupted or Diminished 54.  Of the Distinction of Habits 55.  Of the Virtues, As to Their Essence 56.  Of the Subject of Virtue 57.  Of the Intellectual Virtues 58.  Of the Difference Between Moral and Intellectual Virtues 59.  Of the Moral Virtues in Relation to the Passions 60.  How the Moral Virtues Differ from One Another 61.  Of the Cardinal Virtues 62.  Of the Theological Virtues 63.  Of the Cause of Virtues 64.  Of the Mean of Virtue 65.  Of the Connection of Virtues 66.  Of Equality Among the Virtues 67.  Of the Duration of Virtues After This Life 68.  Of the Gifts 69.  Of the Beatitudes 70.  Of the Fruits of the Holy Ghost 71.  Of Vice and Sin Considered in Themselves 72.  Of the Distinction of Sins 73.  Of the Comparison of One Sin with Another 74.  Of the Subject of Sin 75.  Of the Causes of Sin, in General 76.  Of the Causes of Sin, in Particular 77.  Of the Cause of Sin, on the Part of the Sensitive Appetite 78.  Of That Cause of Sin Which Is Malice 79.  Of the External Causes of Sin 80.  Of the Cause of Sin, As Regards the Devil 81.  Of the Cause of Sin, on the Part of Man 82.  Of Original Sin, As to Its Essence 83.  Of the Subject of Original Sin 84.  Of the Cause of Sin, in Respect of One Sin Being the Cause of Another 85.  Of the Effects of Sin, and, First, of the Corruption of the Good of Nature 86.  Of the Stain of Sin 87.  Of the Debt of Punishment 88.  Of Venial and Mortal Sin 89.  Of Venial Sin in Itself

TREATISE ON LAW

90.  Of the Essence of Law 91.  Of the Various Kinds of Law 92.  Of the Effects of Law 93.  Of the Eternal Law 94.  Of the Natural Law 95.  Of Human Law 96.  Of the Power of Human Law 97.  Of Change in Laws 98.  Of the Old Law 99.  Of the Precepts of the Old Law 100. Of the Moral Precepts of the Old Law 101. Of the Ceremonial Precepts in Themselves 102. Of the Causes of the Ceremonial Precepts 103. Of the Duration of the Ceremonial Precepts 104. Of the Judicial Precepts 105. Of the Reason for the Judicial Precepts 106. Of the Law of the Gospel, Called the New Law, Considered in Itself 107. Of the New Law As Compared with the Old 108. Of Those Things That Are Contained in the New Law 109. Of the Necessity of Grace 110. Of the Grace of God as Regards Its Essence 111. Of the Division of Grace 112. Of the Cause of Grace 113. Of the Effects of Grace 114. Of Merit 

FIRST PART OF THE SECOND PART ["I-II," "Prima Secundae"] 

NEXT:
Treatise on the Last End (Questions 1 - 5)

SUBMENU

Summa Theologica Part 1-2 ("Prima Secundae") by St. Thomas Aquinas

Treatise on the Last End (Questions 1 - 5)

Treatise on Human Acts: Acts Peculiar to Man (Questions 6 - 21)

Treatise on the Passions (Questions 22 - 48)

Treatise on Habits (Questions 49 - 54)

Treatise on Habits in Particular (Questions 55 - 89): Good Habits, i.e., Virtues (Questions 55 - 70)

Treatise on Habits in Particular (Questions 55 - 89): Evil Habits, i.e., Vices and Sin (Questions 71 - 89)

Treatise on Law (Questions 90 - 108)

Treatise on Grace (Questions 109 - 114)